Worry Off-Ramp Part 4 · page 4
Closing Chapter 1
Part 4 Keeping Your Fears At Bay
04Page

Appendix: References

The full list The eight new entries
Part 4

Appendix: References

One continuous list, 1 to 35. Entries 1 to 27 are as they stand in Workbook Revision #2, in the manuscript's order and with the manuscript's numbering. Entries 28 to 35 were found while building this edition and carry a tag saying so.

  1. International OCD Foundation: http://ocfoundation.org/
  2. Dr. Eda Gorbis, Private Practice & UCLA Info: https://www.hope4ocd.com
  3. S. Saxena, E. Gorbis, J. O’Neill, S.K. Baker, M.A. Mandelkern, K.M. Maidment, S. Chang, N. Salamon, A.L. Brody, L. M. Schwartz, E.D. London, “Rapid effects of brief intensive cognitive-behavioral therapy on brain glucose metabolism in obsessive-compulsive disorder,” Molecular Psychiatry 14, 2 (2009): 197-205.
  4. International Obsessive-Compulsive Scale adapted with permission from Wayne K. Goodman, M.D. Goodman WK, Price LH, Rasmussen SA, et al.: “The Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale.” Arch Gen Psychiatry 46:1006–1011, 1989.
  5. V. Paquette, J. Levesque, B. Mensour, J-M. Leroux, G. Beaudoin, P. Bourgouin, M. Beauregard, "Change the mind and you change the brain: Effects of cognitive-behavioral therapy on the neural correlates of spider phobia,” NeuroImage 18, 2 (2003): 401-409.
  6. J.M. Schwartz, “Neuroanatomical aspects of cognitive-behavioural therapy response in obsessive-compulsive disorder. An evolving perspective on brain and behaviour,” British Journal of Psychiatry 35 (1998): S38-44.
  7. R.A. Bryant, M.L. Moulds, R.M. Guthrie, R.D.V. Nixon, “The additive benefit of hypnosis and cognitive-behavioral–therapy in treating acute stress disorder," Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology 73, 2 (2005): 334-240.
  8. N. Paunovic and L.G. Ost, "Cognitive-behavior therapy vs. exposure therapy in the treatment of PTSD in refugees," Behaviour Research and Therapy 39,10 (2001): 1183-1197.
  9. C.J. Aaronson, M.K. Shear, R.R. Goetz, L.B. Allen, D.H. Barlow, K.S. White, S. Ray, R. Money, J.R. Saksa, S.R. Woods, and J.M. Gorman, “Predictors and time course of response among panic disorder patients treated with cognitive-behavioral therapy,” Journal of Clinical Psychology 69, 3 (2008): 418-424.
  10. D.M. Clark, P.M. Salkovskis, A. Hackmann, H. Middleton, P. Ananstasiades, and M. Gelder, “A comparison of cognitive therapy, applied relaxation, and imipramine in the treatment of panic disorder,” British Journal of Psychiatry 164 (1994): 759-769.
  11. P. Carlbring, L.B. Nordgren, T. Furmark, and G. Andeersson, “Long-term outcome of Internet-delivered cognitive-behavioural therapy for social phobia: a thirty-month follow up,” Behaviour Research and Therapy 47, 10 (2009): 848-850.
  12. C. Suveg, J.L. Hudson, G. Brewer, E. Schroeder-Flannery, E. Gosch, and P.C. Kendall, "Cognitive-behavioral therapy for anxiety-disordered youth: secondary outcomes from a randomized clinical trial evaluating child and family modalities," Journal of Anxiety Disorders 23, 3 (2009): 341-349.
  13. Lisa A. Miller, Katherine H. Taber, Glen O. Gabbard, and Robin A. Hurley, “Neural Underpinnings of Fear and Its Modulation: Implications for Anxiety Disorders,” Journal of Neuropsychiatry Clinical Neuroscience 17 (2005): 1-6.
  14. J.R. Simpson Jr., W.C. Drevets, A.Z. Snyder, D.A. Gusnard, M.E. Raichle, “Emotion-induced changes in medial prefrontal cortex: II During anticipatory anxiety,” PNAS 98, 2 (2001): 688-693.
  15. P.R. Goldin, T. Manber, S. Hakimi, T. Canli, and J. Gross, “Neural bases social anxiety disorder, emotional reactivity and cognitive regulation during social or physical threat,” Archives of General Psychiatry 66, 2 (2009): 170-180.
  16. Merriam-Webster Online Dictionary definition of worry, accessed 26 September 2009, http://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/worry.
  17. Morres, I. D., Hatzigeorgiadis, A., Stathi, A., Comoutos, N., Arpin-Cribbie, C., Krommidas, C., & Theodorakis, Y. (2019). "Aerobic exercise for adult patients with major depressive disorder in mental health services: A systematic review and meta-analysis." Depression & Anxiety 36(1), 39–53. https://doi.org/10.1002/da.22842
  18. Aylett, E., Small, N., & Bower, P. (2018). "Exercise in the treatment of clinical anxiety in general practice - a systematic review and meta-analysis." BMC Health Services Research, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12913-018-3313-5
  19. Gregg D. Jacobs, PhD; Edward F. Pace-Schott, MA; Robert Stickgold, PhD; Michael W. Otto, PhD. "Cognitive Behavior Therapy and Pharmacotherapy for Insomnia: A Randomized Controlled Trial and Direct Comparison" Arch Intern Med. 2004;164(17):1888-1896. doi:10.1001/archinte.164.17.1888
  20. Behavioral Tech Utility Analysis Template Link: https://iocdf.org/wp-content/uploads/2016/04/14-BTTI-Utility-Analysis.pdf
  21. Kake, A., Ihara, A., Nakajima, K., Ishimaru, K., Osugi, K., & Naruse, Y. (2021). "Advantage of handwriting over typing on learning words: Evidence from an N400 event-related potential index." Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC8222525/
  22. Marano, G., et al. (2025). "The neuroscience behind writing: Handwriting vs. typing." Life. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11943480/
  23. Newman, M. G., Schwob, J. T., Rackoff, G. N., Van Doren, N., Shin, K. E., & Kim, H. (2022). The naturalistic reinforcement of worry from positive and negative emotional contrasts: Results from a momentary assessment study within social interactions. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 92, 102634. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2022.102634
  24. Sloan, D. M., & Marx, B. P. (2024). "State of the science: Written exposure therapy for the treatment of posttraumatic stress disorder." Behavior Therapy. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11700379/
  25. Van der Weel, F. R., & Van der Meer, A. L. H. (2024). "Handwriting but not typewriting leads to widespread brain connectivity." Frontiers in Psychology. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10853352/
  26. Werner, C. P., Gerger, H., Gaab, J., & Cuijpers, P. (2021). "Comparative efficacy and acceptability of expressive writing treatments compared with psychotherapy, other writing treatments, and waiting list control for adult trauma survivors." Psychological Medicine. https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9772920/
  27. Batelaan, N. M., Bosman, R. C., Muntingh, A., Scholten, W. D., Huijbregts, K. M., & van Balkom, A. J. L. M. (2017). Risk of relapse after antidepressant discontinuation in anxiety disorders, obsessive-compulsive disorder, and post-traumatic stress disorder: systematic review and meta-analysis of relapse prevention trials. BMJ (Clinical research ed.), 358, j3927. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmj.j3927
  28. Added for this edition · cited in Chapter 5Del Casale, A., Sorice, S., Padovano, A., Simmaco, M., Ferracuti, S., Lamis, D. A., Rapinesi, C., Sani, G., Girardi, P., Kotzalidis, G. D., & Pompili, M. (2019). Psychopharmacological treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). Current Neuropharmacology, 17(8), 710–736. https://doi.org/10.2174/1570159X16666180813155017
  29. Added for this edition · cited in Chapter 6Foa, E. B., Liebowitz, M. R., Kozak, M. J., Davies, S., Campeas, R., Franklin, M. E., Huppert, J. D., Kjernisted, K., Rowan, V., Schmidt, A. B., Simpson, H. B., & Tu, X. (2005). Randomized, placebo-controlled trial of exposure and ritual prevention, clomipramine, and their combination in the treatment of obsessive-compulsive disorder. American Journal of Psychiatry, 162(1), 151–161. https://doi.org/10.1176/appi.ajp.162.1.151
  30. Added for this edition · cited in Chapter 5Kopcalic, K., Arcaro, J., Pinto, A., Ali, S., Barbui, C., Curatoli, C., Martin, J., & Guaiana, G. (2025). Antidepressants versus placebo for generalised anxiety disorder (GAD). Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, 2025(1), Article CD012942. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD012942.pub2
  31. Added for this edition · cited in Chapter 5Mataix-Cols, D., Fernández de la Cruz, L., Nordsletten, A. E., Lenhard, F., Isomura, K., & Simpson, H. B. (2016). Towards an international expert consensus for defining treatment response, remission, recovery and relapse in obsessive-compulsive disorder. World Psychiatry, 15(1), 80–81. https://doi.org/10.1002/wps.20299
  32. Added for this edition · cited in Chapter 8Radomsky, A. S., Alcolado, G. M., Abramowitz, J. S., Alonso, P., Belloch, A., Bouvard, M., Clark, D. A., Coles, M. E., Doron, G., Fernández-Álvarez, H., García-Soriano, G., Ghisi, M., Gomez, B., Inozu, M., Moulding, R., Shams, G., Sica, C., Simos, G., & Wong, W. (2014). Part 1—You can run but you can't hide: Intrusive thoughts on six continents. Journal of Obsessive-Compulsive and Related Disorders, 3(3), 269–279. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jocrd.2013.09.002
  33. Added for this edition · cited in Chapter 5Schumacher, L. M., Thomas, J. G., Raynor, H. A., Rhodes, R. E., & Bond, D. S. (2020). Consistent morning exercise may be beneficial for weight management and exercise adherence. Exercise and Sport Sciences Reviews, 48(4), 201–208. https://doi.org/10.1249/JES.0000000000000226
  34. Added for this edition · cited in Chapter 5Shaffer, F., & Meehan, Z. M. (2020). A practical guide to resonance frequency assessment for heart rate variability biofeedback. Frontiers in Neuroscience, 14, Article 570400. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnins.2020.570400
  35. Added for this edition · cited in ClosingSteindl-Rast, D. (1984). Gratefulness, the heart of prayer: An approach to life in fullness. Paulist Press.
Added during this edition

The eight new entries

Eight sources located while building the web edition, each one against a ruling you gave on a review memo — the 86% figure in Chapter 6, the relapse and medication claims in Chapter 5, morning exercise, heart rate variability, the six-continents intrusive thoughts study, and the Steindl-Rast line. Every one is checked against the publisher's record. They are numbered 28 to 35 alphabetically by first author, so nothing in 1 to 27 moves.

These eight are the only entries in this edition's appendix that are not yet in the manuscript. They were appended to the Doc's own appendix as 28 to 35 on 13 September 2026, in this order, so the two lists now agree.

Author's note in the manuscript

Held for My Brain's Alarm System

This note is in the manuscript, at the end of the reference list. It is reproduced here so nothing in the Doc goes missing from the edition, but it is a note to you rather than to a reader — say the word and it comes off the public page.

These references should be added when My Brain’s Alarm System is added to the book:

For the timing of threat detection:

Li, W., & Keil, A. (2023). Sensing fear: fast and precise threat evaluation in human sensory cortex. Trends in cognitive sciences, 27(4), 341–352. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tics.2023.01.001

For the study on interoceptive cardiac signals:

Garfinkel, S. N., Gould van Praag, C. D., Engels, M., Watson, D., Silva, M., Evans, S. L., Duka, T., & Critchley, H. D. (2021). Interoceptive cardiac signals selectively enhance fear memories. Journal of Experimental Psychology: General, 150(6), 1165–1176. https://doi.org/10.1037/xge0000967

For the study on mental navigation and cognitive maps: Kabrel, N., & Aru, J. (2025). Becoming aware through internal exploration: Understanding psychotherapy on conceptual and neurobiological levels. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 21(1), 49–79. https://doi.org/10.1177/17456916251378430